Amateka y’u Rwanda ni amwe mu mateka agoye kugira ngo uzapfe kuyahisha cyangwa se kuyagoreka kuko abakurambere bayashyiramo amabanga menshi, bahanga ibigega by’umutamenwa byo kuyahunikamo ngo atazibagirana cyangwa se ngo agorekwe. Bimwe mu bigega bihunitsemo amateka y’u Rwanda mu buryo butagaragarira buri wese, ni ukwimukana inyito y’ahantu ku buryo uyireba ukamenya icyatumye hitwa gutyo mu mateka y’igihugu.

Kwimukana inyito y’ahantu byatumye biba igihamya gishinja amahanga yigaruriye ubutaka bw’u Rwanda yibwira ko bitazamenyekana, ubwo byakorwaga n’abakoloni b’Ababiligi, Abadage n’Abongereza. Mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 20 gukomeza mu ntango y’icya 21, benshi mu Banyarwanda batangiye guhura n’akaga ko kwirukanwa mu bihugu bakatiweho imipaka bitwaje ngo si iwabo ni ku butaka bw’amahanga, nyamara ntibamenye ko ari gakondo zabo z’ibihe byose.

Nk’uko tubihamirizwa n’inyito z’Uturere n’imisozi iboneka mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, mu Ntara zayo za Kivu y’Epfo n’iya ruguru, tuhasanga amazina menshi asa n’ayo mu Rwanda. Aha akaba ari ho ukurikiranira hafi iby’izo nyito yakwibaza ngo izo nyito ziri ku butaka bwa Congo zisa n’izo mu Rwanda, zaba zaragezeyo zite ?

Ubutaka buroho u Rwanda dufite ubu, bwari bugizwe n’ibihugu 29, bimwe muri ibyo bihugu bikaba byarimo u Bunyabungo, u Buhunde n’Idjwi. Kugira ngo ibyo bihugu bihuzwe habayeho ibitero u Rwanda rwagabye muri ayo mahanga byatwaye imyaka 582 (1312-1894), bigabwa n’abami batandukanye kugeza ubwo bihujwe bikaba igihugu kimwe cyitwa u Rwanda.

Kugira ngo amateka y’iyagurwa ry’u Rwanda atazibagirana, abakurambere bagiye barema ubugenge bwo kwimukana inyito z’ahantu hari mu Rwanda, bakazijyana ku butaka bushya bigaruriye nk’igihamya cy’uko habaye ahabo. Iki kikaba gihamya cy’uko muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, hari ubutaka abakoloni bakatiyeyo benshi batemeranya neza uko bungana, cyangwa se bakabirenza ingohe ntibanabyiteho. Nyinshi mu nyito ziboneka muri icyo gihugu, zahawe inyito n’abakurambere b’u Rwanda.

MU NTARA YA KIVU YA RUGURU: Intara ya Kivu ya Ruguru, igizwe n’Uturere twa Goma, Beni, Rucuro, Masisi, Butembo, Lubero na Walikare. Icyo gihugu ni kimwe mu bihugu bya kera na kare cyahanzwe na Gihunde cya Rurenge, ari naho bakura igisekuruza cyabo cyo kuba Abahunde. Ni kimwe mu bihugu byahanzwe ahasaga mu wa 450.

Yagihanze akomotse mu gicumbi gikuru cy’imiryango y’Abasinga cyari gifite gakondo nkuru yabo mu Karere ka Rutsiro mu Mirenge yegereye ikiyaga cya Kivu, ari na cyo cyatumye bimukana zimwe mu nyito z’iyo bakomoka bakazijyana muri icyo gihugu gishya bahanze.

Harimo n’umusozi uzwi cyane mu mateka y’u Rwanda witwa Kamuronsa wavukiyeho umwami Yuhi Musinga mu wa 1883, hamwe na Rumarangabo bahinduye Rumangabo byo gushyoma, ari ho harwaniye ingabo za Rwabugili zari zitwawe na Rutalindwa, hakagwa ingabo nyinshi, ari naho yakurije guhabwa ikivugo cy’Inyagirabahunde.

Na nyuma y’aho icyo gihugu cyigaruriwe n’u Rwanda, hagiye himukanwa inyito y’u Rwanda bakajya kuyita aho ngaho mu rwego rwo kuhimakaza ubunyarwanda. Zimwe mu nyito ziswe muri ibyo bice zikomoka mu Rwanda zirimo nka Mugunga ( Goma) hitiriwe Mugunga wa Ndahiro Cyamatare, ubwo yajyaga kuhatura n’abana be.

Hari Goma mu bisanzwe hitwaga Ngoma, kimwe na za Ngoma nyinshi ziboneka mu Rwanda. Mu wa 1980, nibwo Mobutu wari Perezida wa Zayire, yahahinduye ahita Goma. Rutsiro ( Rucuro) ni inyito yimukanywe ivuye mu Karere ka Rutsiro u Rwanda nk’igihamya cy’inkomoko y’abahanze icyo gihugu.

Kanyabayonga, ni mu gace ka Lubero gakomora inyito ku Ruyonga rw’i Rwanda nk’umwambaro wambarwaga n’abana, ukozwe mu birere by’insina. Iyi nyito u Rwanda rwajyanye muri ibyo bice, bisangira inkomoko n’Umudugudu wa Samiyonga wo mu Murenge wa Muganza wo mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, kimwe n’Umudugudu wa Nyaruyonga wo mu Murenge wa Mbuye wo mu Karere ka Ruhango.

Ahandi twavuga ni nka Kirambo, Buhimba na Nyabitekeri ho muri Walikare. Rubaya, Sake, Kivuye na Nyange ho muri Masisi. Hari Kabare, Rubare, Kabaya, Kibumba, Busanza, Jomba, Rwankuba, Rubavu na Karengera ho muri Rucuro n’ahandi.

MU NTARA YA KIVU Y’EPFO: Intara ya Kivu y’Epfo, mu bihe byo hambere yari igizwe n’ibihugu bibiri by’u Bunyabungo n’Idjwi. Kuri ibu igizwe n’Uturere twa Bukavu, Idjwi, Fizi, Baraka, Shabunda, Warungu, Mwenga, Uvira, Karehe na Kabare. Ibyo bihugu byatewe n’abami b’u Rwanda barimo Ruganzu Ndoli na Kigeli Rwabugili, usibye ko hari n’abandi bami bagiye bagaba yo ibitero bigamije kubihimuraho no kunyaga inka nka Mibambwe Sekarongoro Mutabazi, Kigeli Nyamuheshera na Yuhi Gahindiro.

Nyuma yo kubyigarurira no kubihuza n’u Rwanda, bagiye bimukana inyito zisanzwe mu Rwanda, bajya kuzihita mu rwego rwo guhanaguraho ibyari bihasanzwe. Zimwe mu nyito dusanga mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Epfo zikomoka i Rwanda zirimo Nduba iherereye i Walungu. Nduba ni inyito ya kera ikomoka ku kuba Gihanga yarabyariyeyo umuhungu we Kanyarwanda Gahima wamuzunguye ku ngoma, akurizaho kuhita iryo zina rivuga impundu cyangwa iwabo w’impundu. Kugeza ubu Nduba ni umwe mu Mirenge 15 igize Akarere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Ahandi twavuga muri iyo Ntara hafite amazina akomoka i Rwanda harimo Remera, Rurambo na Kinyoni ho muri Uvira, Rubuga yo muri Mwenga, Nyange yo muri Fizi, Kabare yo muri Kabare, Bugarura na Buhoro zo ku Idjwi n’ahandi.

Komekwa ibyo bice kuri RDC byemerejwe mu nama yabereye i Bruxelles mu Bubiligi ku wa 8 Gashyantare 1910, ihuje ibihugu by’u Budage bwari bwarakoronije u Rwanda, Burundi na Tanzania, u Bubiligi bwari bwarakoronije Congo n’u Bwongereza bwari bwarakoronije Uganda na Kenya.

Imyanzuro yayo yaje kwemezwa ku wa 14 Gicurasi 1910, ni bwo abo bakoroni bakatakase u Rwanda, buri mukoroni atwara agatanyu ke, undi atwara ake, aho Ababiligi batwaye kilometerokare 124.553 bakazomeka kuri Congo, naho Abongereza batwara kilometerokare 17. 715, bazomeka ku gihugu cya Uganda. U Rwanda rwari rufite ubutaka bungana na kilometerokare 168.606 busigarana Kirometerokare 26.338. source: IGIHE

Frank Habineza yatanze igisubizo cyafasha guhagarika abayobozi begura kubera ubusinzi.