Imiti ifasha umuntu kuba atakwandura Sida igihe akoze imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye kugira ngo atandura agakoko gatera Sida mu gihe akeka ko uwo bayikoranye ashobora ku mwanduza si byiza kuyifata utayandikiwe na muganga kuko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu.

Iyo miti iri mu bwoko bubiri hari uwitwa ‘Post-exposure prophylaxis’ (PEP) ufatwa mu gihe cy’amaha 72 ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy’iminsi 3 ukanyobwa n’umuntu wakoze imibonano idakingiye ariko akaba atizeye ko uwo bayikoranye ashobora kuba afite ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera Sida kugira ngo yirinde ko yamwanduza.

Undi muti ni ‘pre-exposure prophylaxis’ (PREP) ni umuti uhabwa abantu bafite ibyago byo kwandura Virusi itera sida kugira ngo birinde kwayandura.

Suleman Muhirwa umukozi mu kigo gishinzwe kwimakaza uburenganzira n’ubuzima (HDI) akaba ashinzwe gukurikirana ibikorwa by’ibyiciro by’abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura virusi itera Sida avuga ko iyi miti itandukaniye ku bantu bayifata ndetse n’igihe bayifatamo.

Muhirwa avuga ko abafata umuti wa PREP barimo ibyiciro bitandukanye icyambere ari ikiciro cy’abagore bakora umwuga w’umuraya, ikindi kiciro n’icyabantu bafata ibiyobyabwenge bakoresheje uburyo bwo kwitera inshinge, ikindi n’ikiciro cy’abagabo baryamana n’abo bahuje igitsina, hari n’ikindi kiciro gikorana imibonano n’abantu bahuje igitsina ikongera no kuyikora n’abo batagihuje.

Ni ukuvuga umugabo uryamana n’undi ariko akanahuza igitsina n’umugore n’umukobwa cyangwa umukobwa uryamana n’undi mukobwa akongera akaryamana n’umugabo biturutse ku marangamutima yabo aho yabaganishije.

Ati “Kuko ibyo byiciro bihari hashyizweho uburyo bwo kubarinda kuba bakwandura Virusi itera Sida ndetse bagahabwa n’amakuru areba n’ubuzima bwabo kugira ngo bibafashe kwirinda”.

Iyi miti ifasha muri gahunda ya Leta kugabanya umubare w’abandura no gukwirakwiza agakoko getera Sida.

Minisiteri y’Ubuzima itanga iyo miti ku bigo nderabuzima nabyo bikayiha ababigana bashaka iyo serivise.

Muhirwa avuga ko ikigo HDI gikora ubukangurambaga bwo gushishikariza abafite ibyago byo kwandura Virusi itera Sida babakorera ubukangurambaga bakitabira iyi gahunda.

Abafata ibiyobobyabwenge bakoresheje inshinge nabo baba bafite ibyago byo kwandura Virusi itera sida kuko abenshi bazisangira.

Ati “ Kuko abanywa ibiyobyabwenge biteye inshinge bashobora kuzisangira barenze umwe nabo baba bafite ibyago byo kuyandura bikaba ari byiza gufata iyo miti”.

Uyu muti ufatwa mu gihe cy’amezi atatu uwuhabwa asubirayo igihe yakomeje ibikorwa byo kuryamana n’abandi atikingiye kuko biri mu bituma agira ibyago bynshi byo kwandura agakoko gatera Sida.

Impamvu ari bibi gufata iyi miti utayihawe na muganga

‘Post-exposure prophylaxis’ (PEP) unywebwa mu masaha 72 bisaba ko uwufata abanza gufatirwa ibizamini, umuganga akabanza akamenya niba atarwaye Virusi itera SIDA, icyo gihe nta mpamvu yo kuwufata, ikindi nuko ashobora kuba afite ubwoba bwo gukeka uwo baryamanye batikingiye atazi uko ahagaze bigasaba ko amujyana nawe bakamupima igihe basanze ari bazima bombi imiti bakayireka.

Ati “ Hari ni igihe yajya kuyisaba ariko yaramaze kwandura mu gihe uwo baryamanye we atanduye igihe babapimye bombi imiti ihabwa utarandura”.

‘Pre-exposure prophylaxis’ (PREP) ni umuti ugomba guhabwa umuntu wemera ko nawe afite ibyago byo kwandura agakoko gatera Sida akemera kujya kwa muganga gusaba ko yashyirwa kuri iyi miti.

Uyu muti uhabwa abantu babanje gupimwa izindi ndwara zirimo umwijima, Diyabete, umutima, umuvuduko w’amaraso n’ibindi kugira ngo harebwe niba nta zindi ngaruka ushobora ku mugiraho igihe uwufata afata n’indi miti.

Nubwo ari imiti irinda umuntu kwandura ishobora kugira n’ingaruka ku mubiri w’umuntu bitewe nuko ayifashe atabanje gupimwa na muganga.

Zimwe mu ngaruka zishobora kugera ku muntu uyifata harimo kuba yagira ubuhumyi, kwiyongera ibiro, gupfuka umusati n’ibindi.

Muhirwa avuga ko ari byiza kuyifata wayihawe na muganga kugira ngo hirindwe izo ngaruka zose umuntu ashobora guhura nazo.

Ufata umuti wa PREP agomba guhabwa ibinini anyway mu gihe cy’amezi atatu yayimara agasubira kwa muganga.

Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubuzima (RBC) kivuga ko hari abamaze kumva neza akamaro k’iyi miti bitabira kuyifata nk’uko umukozi mu kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima mu Ishamiri rishinzwe kurwanya Sida Basile Ikuzo abitangaza.

Ati “ Tugendeye ku mibare yo mumpera z’ukwezi kwa Ukwakira 2024 abantu 11,999 bafata imiti ya PREP, ariko abagore bakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina ntabwo bakurikiranwa kuko ibyago byabo byo kwandura virusi itera SIDA biri hasi, naho abagabo bakora imibonanompuzabitsina n’ abandi bagabo 2,929 bakoresha PREP”.

RBC ivuga ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri 2023, bwagaragaje ko 35.2% by’ abagore bakora uburaya bafite virusi itera SIDA naho abagabo baryama nabo bahuje ibitsina bo 5.9% bafite virus itera SIDA.

Abafite ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera Sida mu mujyi wa Kigali ni 4.3%, mu Majyepfo ni 2.9%, Iburengerazuba ni 3.0%, Amajyarugu ni 2.2%, Iburasirazuba ni 2.9% kandi 3% by’ abanyarwanda bafite kuva ku myaka 15-49 bafite virusi itera SIDA.

Mu kwizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya Sida wabaye tariki 1 Ugushyingo 2024 RBC yatangije ubukangurambaga mu gihugu hose buzamara amezi atandatu, buzibanda ku kurwanya SIDA n’izindi ndwara nka Mpox.

Ibikorwa bizibandwaho birimo kwegereza abaturage serivisi zo gupima no kuvura abari ahari ibyago byo kwandura, kongera ahatangirwa serivisi zo kurwanya SIDA hifashishijwe amavuriro ngendanwa, kurwanya ihezwa n’akato bikorerwa abantu bafite SIDA n’abarwaye MPOX no gukorana n’abaturage, abajyanama b’ubuzima, inzego z’ubuyobozi n’abafatanyabikorwa.