Fabrice Nahimana Guverinoma y’u Rwanda n’iya Singapore byasinyanye amasezerano y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’isoko rya ‘Carbon’, rigena uburyo bwo gucuruzanya umwuka uhumekwa n’ibiti biterwa, amashyamba n’ibindi bishobora gukurura umwuka wa CO2 (Carbon dioxide).
Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije, Dr. Valentine Uwamariya na mugenzi we wa, Singapore, Grace FU Hai Yien, ni bo bashyize umukono kuri aya masezerano.
Isoko rya ‘Carbon’ ni uburyo bwashyizweho mu masezerano y’i Paris ku kurengera ibidukikije, aho ibihugu bifite ibikorwa bigamije kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, bizajya bicuruza umwuka uhumekwa ku bihugu byateye imbere, bifite inganda zohereza mu kirere imyuka myinshi ihumanya.
Isoko rya Karubone ni iki?
Isoko rya karubone ni isoko ryisi yose aho umwuka wa karubone wagabijwe ushobora kugurwa no kugurishwa hubahirijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho byihariye. Intego y’isoko rya karubone ni ukugabanya imyuka ihumanya kandi ikongera ubushyuhe ku Isi.
Mu mategeko agenga isoko rya karubone, ibihugu bihabwa ibyangombwa byinshi byo kohereza karuboni kugeza kurwego runaka. Niba igihugu kidakoresheje ibyemezo byacyo byose, gishobora kugurisha impushya zidakoreshwa mu kindi gihugu cyifuza kohereza umwuka wa Karubone.
Isoko rya karubone ryatangijwe n’amasezerano ya Kyoto kugira ngo ryorohereze uburyo ibihugu bigabanya imyuka yongera ubushyuhe ku isi. Iha ibihugu byateye imbere amahirwe yo gushora imari muburyo bworoshye bwo kugabanya iyo myuka, hagamijwe kongera icyifuzo cy’isi yose mu gushyira mu bikorwa intego zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya kandi ikongera ubushyuhe ku Isi.
Isoko rya karubone rikubiyemo uburyo bwisoko ryashyizweho mu masezerano ya Kyoto, harimo uburyo bwiswe “Clean Development Mechanism”, “International Emissions Trading” ndetse na “Joint Implementation”. Ibi bigengwa n’amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye yerekeye imihindagurikire y’ibihe (UNFCCC) n’isoko rya Karubone ryigenga (Voluntary carbon Market). isoko rya Karubone ryigenga ryemerera abantu n’amasosiyete guhagarika cyangwa kugabanya imyuka ihumanya kandi yongera ubushyuhe binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo gutera inkunga.
Isoko rya Karubone rikora gute mu Rwanda?
Nubwo u Rwanda rutohereza imyuka myinshi mukirere, rufite amahirwe yo gukora imishinga itandukanye y’isoko rya karubone bijyanye n’ icyerekezo cyayo cyo kugira ubukungu burengera ibidukikije mu 2050. Isoko rya karubone rizagira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyuka kandi bizagira uruhare mu iterambere rirambye ry’igihugu.
Mu Rwanda, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) hamwe n’isoko rya Karubone Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) nuburyo bubiri bukora. Ingano ya karubone yagabanijwe igacuruzwa mu Rwanda muri iki gihe yiganjemo imishinga ijyanye no gukoresha imbabura zirondereza ibcanwa igizwe na 87%.
Ukuboza 2020, u Rwanda rwagurishije unite za karubone 2,250.000 binyuze mu isoko rya karubone. Ibikorwa byose bya CDM byatanze unite za Karubone 724.320 mugihe ibikorwa bya VCM byatanze 1.525,680 unite za karubone.
